Lesson 1

 Educational Technology

According to research, people tend to remember

§          10% of what they read

§           20% of what they hear

§  30% of what they see

§   50% of what they hear and see

Educational Technology

-         Is the application of technology in the educative process that takes place in education institution.

Technology in Education

-         Is the application of technology in the operation of education institution.

Instructional Technology

-          Is refers to aspects of educational technology that concerned with instruction.

Technology Integration

-          Is using learning technologies to introduce, supplement and extend skills.

Benefits from using Educational Technology

1.     Increase the quality of learning and the degree of its mastery through the use of splecial effects of uniques programming that is considered individualized, valid and accessible.

2.     Decrease the time spent in instruction for learners to achieve desired learning objectives.

3.     Increase the efficiency of teachers.

4.     Reduce educational cost without affecting quality of instruction.

Guidelines in using Educational Technology

1.     Determine the purpose for which the instructional materials are to be used.

2.     Define the objectives to determine the appropriateness of the material.

3.     Know the content of the material.

4.     Exercise flexibility so that the materials satisfy different purposes.

5.     Consider diversity/ variety of materials

   *eg( information age stage/ Technology – based era)

6.     Relate materials to age, ability, maturity and the interest of students.

7.     Arrange the conditons so that the materials do not interrupt the momentum of the lesson.

8.     Prepare the students for what they hear, see and do as lessons unfold.

9.     Operate equipement needed for efficient use.

10.    Summarize experiences gained and follow up with further relevent discussion.

11.    Evaluate the results of the use of the materials together with the instructional process, to determine effectiveness.

Why use Media in instruction?

Methods of teachings are instructional techniques that facilitates learning while Media are means of implementing those methods.

Commonly used Media/ Materials for instruction.

1.Print Media/ Materials

- considered to be the most dominant and the primary means of communicating subject matter to student.

- The principal aid to teachong and learning.

*eg.books and textbooks

Periodical such as newspaper, magazines, journals, handouts, manuals.

2.Still pictures and graphics

- useful means of expressing ideas, employ lines, patterns, colors and shades to convey information.

*eg. *Pictures

        * graphics such as maps, diagrams, charts/ graphic tables, posters and cartoon.

* visual display devices such as chalkboard, white board, magnetic board, bulletin board and smart board.

* projection devices such as slides and presentations projectors, opaque projectors

3.Sound Recordings and Radio

 Eg. *Phonograph records

       *Audio Tapes

       *Compact disc

       *Radio

4.Film and Television

5.Video Recordings

   Eg. *Video tapes and Discs

          *Cables and satelites

          *Camcorders

6. Computer Based Learning (CBL)

- enables the students to study almost anytime and conventional locations and with varying ability levels; provides multimedia, interactive instruction, practice and testing that in turn help teachrs further in trms of diagnosis and guidance ( computer system ware). Or multimedia center/ point.

7.The web.

General Principles/ Criteria for selection of instructional material

1.Appropriateness- materials must catch the general and specific objectives of the lesson: must be appropriate to the

- difficulty of the concepts taught

- vocabulary level of students

-methods used in teachings

- interest of learners

2.Authenticity- materials must present accurates up to ate and reliable.

3.Interest and appeal to users- materials must have  the power to catch the interest of users, motivate them to learning and stimulate.

4.Organization and Balance - materials must be very clear, well- organized, logically sequenced.

5.Cost Effectiveness/ Economy- materials use must be relative to the cost of other similar materials, their durability, and the number of students users.

6.Breadth- The scope of materials must suit many different types learners and learning purposes.

Ten Commandments for creating learning materials

1.     Do not overcrowd.

2.     Be consistent in format, layout and convention.

3.     Use appropriate typefaes and point uses.

4.     Use bold and italics for emphasis but don’t overuse them.

5.     Use titles, headings and subheading to clarify and guide.

6.     Use numbers to direct through sequences.

7.     Use graphics and illustrations to reinforces ideas.

8.     Use symbols and icons as identifying markers.

9.     Use colors/ video/ audio/ music to stimulate but do not overpower senses.

10.                         Produce the materials with technical excellence- good quality, good audio, clear etc.